Anthrax Bacilli in Milk

In vivo growth and distribution of anthrax bacilli in resistant, susceptible, and immunized hosts.

Differences in in vivo growth rates of Bacillus anthracis in the bodies of infected rats and guinea pigs showed the effect of innate species resistance. The effect of two levels of immunity imposed on these hosts demonstrated that, as the degree of immunity increased, the growth rate of organisms decreased and was accompanied by a decrease in terminal population. It was shown that growth rates ...

GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI IN BURNS

In a period of nine months, 225 strains of Gram-negative bacilli isolated from burns were identified by a variety of tests in two burn centers in Tehran. The most common species were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter agglomerans, Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Many strains of acinetobacter spp, providencia spp, proteus spp, ser...

Retrocyclins kill bacilli and germinating spores of Bacillus anthracis and inactivate anthrax lethal toxin.

Theta-defensins are cyclic octadecapeptides encoded by the modified alpha-defensin genes of certain nonhuman primates. The recent demonstration that human alpha-defensins could prevent deleterious effects of anthrax lethal toxin in vitro and in vivo led us to examine the effects of theta-defensins on Bacillus anthracis (Sterne). We tested rhesus theta-defensins 1-3, retrocyclins 1-3, and severa...

A dually active anthrax vaccine that confers protection against both bacilli and toxins.

Systemic anthrax is caused by unimpeded bacillar replication and toxin secretion. We developed a dually active anthrax vaccine (DAAV) that confers simultaneous protection against both bacilli and toxins. DAAV was constructed by conjugating capsular poly-gamma-d-glutamic acid (PGA) to protective antigen (PA), converting the weakly immunogenic PGA to a potent immunogen, and synergistically enhanc...

Soured Milk and Pure Cultures of Lactic Acid Bacilli in the Treatment of Disease